Using Support Vector Machine for Prediction Dynamic Voltage Collapse in an Actual Power System

Abstract—This paper presents dynamic voltage collapse prediction on an actual power system using support vector machines. Dynamic voltage collapse prediction is first determined based on the PTSI calculated from information in dynamic simulation output. Simulations were carried out on a practical 87 bus test system by considering load increase as the contingency. The data collected from the time domain simulation is then used as input to the SVM in which support vector regression is used as a predictor to determine the dynamic voltage collapse indices of the power system. To reduce training time and improve accuracy of the SVM, the Kernel function type and Kernel parameter are considered. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed SVM method, its performance is compared with the multi layer perceptron neural network (MLPNN). Studies show that the SVM gives faster and more accurate results for dynamic voltage collapse prediction compared with the MLPNN. Keywor ds —Dynamic voltage collapse, prediction, artificial neural network, support vector machines

Support Vector Regression Based S-transform for Prediction of Single and Multiple Power Quality Disturbances

This paper presents a novel approach using Support Vector Regression (SVR) based S-transform to predict the classes of single and multiple power quality disturbances in a three-phase industrial power system. Most of the power quality disturbances recorded in an industrial power system are non-stationary and comprise of multiple power quality disturbances that coexist together for only a short duration in time due to the contribution of the network impedances and types of customers’ connected loads. The ability to detect and predict all the types of power quality disturbances encrypted in a voltage signal is vital in the analyses on the causes of the power quality disturbances and in the identification of incipient fault in the networks. In this paper, the performances of two types of SVR based S-transform, the non-linear radial basis function (RBF) SVR based S-transform and the multilayer perceptron (MLP) SVR based S-transform, were compared for their abilities in making prediction for the classes of single and multiple power quality disturbances. The results for the analyses of 651 numbers of single and multiple voltage disturbances gave prediction accuracies of 86.1% (MLP SVR) and 93.9% (RBF SVR) respectively. Keywords: Power Quality, Power Quality Prediction, S-transform, SVM, SV

The incidence rate of female breast cancer in Saudi Arabia: an observational descriptive epidemiological analysis of data from Saudi Cancer Registry 2001-2008

Background: This study presents descriptive epidemiological data related to breast cancer cases diagnosed from 2001 to 2008 among Saudi women, including the frequency and percentage of cases, the crude incidence rate (CIR), and the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), adjusted by the region and year of diagnosis. Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive epidemiological study of all Saudi female breast cancer cases from 2001 to 2008. The statistical analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics, a linear regression model, and analysis of variance with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA). Results: A total of 6,922 female breast cancer cases were recorded in the Saudi Cancer Registry from 2001 to 2008. The highest overall percentages (38.6% and 31.2%) of female breast cancer cases were documented in women who were 30–44 and 45–59 years of age, respectively. The eastern region of Saudi Arabia had the highest overall ASIR, at 26.6 per 100,000 women, followed by Riyadh at 20.5 and Makkah at 19.4. Jazan, Baha, and Asir had the lowest average ASIRs, at 4.8, 6.1, and 7.3 per 100,000 women, respectively. The region of Jouf (24.2%; CIR 11.2, ASIR 17.2) had the highest changes in CIR and ASIR from 2001 to 2008. While Qassim, Jazan and Tabuk recorded down-trending rates with negative values. Conclusion: There was a significant increase in the CIRs and ASIRs for female breast cancer between 2001 and 2008. The majority of breast cancer cases occurred among younger women. The region of Jouf had the greatest significant differences of CIR and ASIR during 2001 to 2008. Jazan, Baha, and Najran had the lowest average CIRs and ASIRs of female breast cancer, whereas the linear trend upward is a concern in certain regions, such as the eastern region, Makkah, and Riyadh. However, further analytical epidemiological research is needed to identify the potential risk factors involved in the increase in the prevalence of breast cancer among Saudi women

The Future Prospects of E-learning: The View of the Apex Body of Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) in Sri Lanka

The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in higher education has created totally a new environment which is fundamentally different from the traditional learning methods. The objectives of the study were to get the view of the University Grants Commission (UGC) about e-learning system and to investigate the possibilities of formalizing its implementation in the universities in future. As it is an exploratory study, the case study method was deemed appropriate. The result of the study shows that the UGC is favorable on the implementation of a campus-wide e-learning system in all universities. Though there is no formal policy on the embarkation of e-learning mode so far, it encourages the universities to adopt the system. This paper has also highlighted the possible areas for the early implementation of the e-learning mode and other requirements that should be considered for the future adoption of e-learning system

Evaluation of human umbilical cord blood as a source of embryonic stem cells

Human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) has been poorly characterised as a source of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The aim of this study, therefore, was to evaluate HUCB as source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with embryonic characteristics. HUCB was collected from consenting women undergoing elective caesarean sections. HUCB was meticulously explanted into MesenCult media and incubated. Qualitative and quantitative immunophenotyping of cells was achieved using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labelled antibodies (CD34, CD45, CD29, CD44, CD73 and CD105) phenotypic markers. Immunocytochemistry was carried out for the human ESC markers CD9, stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 and 4 (SSEA-1 and SSEA-4), E-cadherin, Podocalyxin (PODXL), sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), NANOG and Octamer (OCT3/4). MSCs were cultured to induce differentiation into adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic and neurogenic cells. Immunocytochemistry was used to identify fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP-4), osteocalcin, aggrecan, SOX2 and oligodendrocyte-4 (Olig-4) markers. The cells were strongly positive for the MSC markers CD29, CD44, CD73 and CD105; these cells also expressed the ESC markers CD9, SSEA-1 and SSEA-4, E-cadherin, PODXL, SOX2, NANOG and OCT3/4. Additionally, the MSCs expressed the adipogenic FABP-4, osteogenic osteocalcin, chondrogenic aggrecan and neural Olig-4 and SOX2 markers after differentiation. Therefore, HUCB is a rich source for MSCs with embryonic characteristics

Middle School Literacy Educators\u27 Views About Student Texting and Its Impact on Student Writing

This applied dissertation investigated middle school literacy educators’ views about the impact of text messaging on students’ spelling and writing abilities. Specifically, the researcher determined educators’ views about the impact of text messages from Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) and Short Message Service (SMS) on middle school student writing and spelling. The researcher interviewed middle school teachers about their experiences with student writing and whether text speak is present in students’ writing and spelling. Four research questions are posed: (a) To what extent do middle school teachers notice textspeak within student writing? (b) What do middle school literacy teachers report as the impact of textspeak on students’ written work? (c) What are middle school teachers’ attitudes about using features of texting, or textspeak, in written classwork? (d) How do middle school teachers describe student attitudes about using features of texting, or textspeak, in written classwork? Following individual interviews with 12 educators, the researcher analyzed the data in search of patterns and themes in the responses. The results were both positive and negative. The participants reported that textspeak was beneficial because it increased students’ personal efficiency in notes and group or team assignments. However, they reported the negative aspect of textspeak is it reduces students’ writing expertise and students’ grades. Future research could expand on investigating the effects of textspeak on students’ writing from kindergarten to 12th grade in all subjects. Additional research could determine if the use of textspeak in the media has influenced the quality of students’ writing. Furthermore, future studies could analyze the effects of texting and typing on students’ mechanics of penmanship and letter formation

The influence of IT leaders’ leadership behavior on IT governance performance in higher Education: a literature review

IT has become one of the most invested areas of organisations, especially in higher education institutions. To safeguard these IT investments and make the most out them, a good IT governance structure is required. It enables the higher education institutions to strive in the competition and to achieve strategic objectives. To have optimum governance in the institutions, IT leaders play the vital role of carrying the task of IT role models to implement the best approaches in the institutions. The purpose of this study is to explore the existing literature to find out the influence of IT leaders’ leadership behaviour on IT governance performance in higher education context. It is aimed to find the linkage between IT leaders’ leadership behaviour and IT governance performance in higher education to promote this area for future research. The literature review was done systematically to identify the articles relevant to the three variables, ‘IT governance’, ‘IT leadership’ and “higher education’. The results indicated that there is an influence of IT leadership behaviour on IT governance in higher education. Literature showed that improper IT leadership was perceived as a barrier to ITG, IT leadership plays a vital role in effective ITG implementation and specific leadership capacities and skills are shown to promote ITG. However, there are few studies in this area and there is a lack of knowledge on how IT leadership can influence IT governance

The influence of IT leaders' leadership behaviour on IT governance performance in higher education: a literature review

IT has become one of the most invested areas of organisations, especially in higher education institutions. To safeguard these IT investments and make the most out them, a good IT governance structure is required. It enables the higher education institutions to strive in the competition and to achieve strategic objectives. To have optimum governance in the institutions, IT leaders play the vital role of carrying the task of IT role models to implement the best approaches in the institutions. The purpose of this study is to explore the existing literature to find out the influence of IT leaders' leadership behaviour on IT governance performance in higher education context. It is aimed to find the linkage between IT leaders' leadership behaviour and IT governance performance in higher education to promote this area for future research. The literature review was done systematically to identify the articles relevant to the three variables, 'IT governance', 'IT leadership' and "higher education'. The results indicated that there is an influence of IT leadership behaviour on IT governance in higher education. Literature showed that improper IT leadership was perceived as a barrier to ITG, IT leadership plays a vital role in effective ITG implementation and specific leadership capacities and skills are shown to promote ITG. However, there are few studies in this area and there is a lack of knowledge on how IT leadership can influence IT governance

Performance Comparison of Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Non-intrusive Electrical Load Monitoring

The increased awareness in reducing energy consumption and encouraging response from the use of smart meters have triggered the idea of non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM). The purpose of NILM is to obtain useful information about the usage of electrical appliances usually measured at the main entrance of electricity to obtain aggregate power signal by using a smart meter. The load operating states based on the on/off loads can be detected by analysing the aggregate power signals. This paper presents a comparative study for evaluating the performance of artificial intelligence techniques in classifying the type and operating states of three load types that are usually available in commercial buildings, such as fluorescent light, air-conditioner and personal computer. In this NILM study, experiments were carried out to collect information of the load usage pattern by using a commercial smart meter. From the power parameters captured by the smart meter, effective signal analysis has been done using the time time (TT)-transform to achieve accurate load disaggregation. Load feature selection is also considered by using three power parameters which are real power, reactive power and the TT-transform parameters. These three parameters are used as inputs for training the artificial intelligence techniques in classifying the type and operating states of the loads. The load classification results showed that the proposed extreme learning machine (ELM) technique has successfully achieved high accuracy and fast learning compared with artificial neural network and support vector machine. Based on validation results, ELM achieved the highest load classification with 100% accuracy for data sampled at 1 minute time interval